How to use commas is a critical skill for any writer. Commas help you separate two independent clauses and allow you to to place your sentences. You can better convey your ideas to readers when you learn how to use commas effectively.
Placement in sentences
Commas are a kind of punctuation mark used to separate clauses. They may be used for stylistic reasons and mechanical purposes. But they also have a function that can dramatically change a sentence’s meaning.
The proper placement of commas is crucial for a writer. It depends on the intention of the author. Many factors play a role in determining the correct order of commas. These factors include the source of attribution, the source of reference, and the writer’s intent.
The use of commas is necessary to set off appositives. They can also indicate the end of a phrase or clause. However, they should not be used for short pauses in reading.
Commas are usually used before coordinating conjunctions but can be used after dependent clauses. Dependent clauses should always be enclosed with a comma unless they are not essential.
Commas can also set off abbreviations, especially when the acronym is listed in a series. For example, a company’s headquarters are in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Offsetting introductory adverbs
If you’re writing a sentence with an introductory adverb, you will need to know how to offset it with commas. This is important because an adverb will modify a word and a complete clause.
Adverbs and commas can create precise meanings at the sentence level. They can set apart introductory words, and they can offset nonessential terms. How they do this will depend on the type of word and its restrictiveness.
An introductory word is a short phrase that sets off the rest of the sentence. It may be a participle phrase or an infinitive phrase. A participle phrase is often used as an adverb, while an infinitive phrase is used to introduce a sentence.
The word usually comes before the verb. However, the adverb can be placed at the end of the sentence. Usually, the adverb is a contextual adverb or a sentence adverb.
Separating two independent clauses
Commas are a type of punctuation mark that separates independent clauses. They can also be used to set off nonessential parts of a sentence.
Commas can be a handy tool whether you are writing by hand or on a computer. They separate three or more nouns and adjectives and can indicate the end of a pause or phrase. First, however, it’s essential to know the proper use of commas. If you use a comma for a reason other than its grammatical purpose, you might be making a mistake.
Generally, a comma is only required for a noun’s first adjective or verb. The second and final adjective or verb is always nonrestrictive. However, a comma may be optional in some situations, such as short clauses.
When a comma is used with the correct words, it can create an elegant, readable sentence. However, using a comma with the wrong word or a non-coordinating conjunction can result in a comma splice. This can be corrected by using a subordinating conjunction or a semicolon.
Attributing quotes
There are several things to consider when attributing quotes using commas. One of the main concerns is whether the punctuation should change the meaning of the quoted material. The answer depends on the type of quotation and the content.
For instance, if a word was quoted directly, the quotation must be exactly as it was spoken. However, if the word was a part of an expression, then the punctuation may need to be altered. This is why some source titles should be italicized.
When attributing quotes using commas, you need to remember that commas can be used for both direct and indirect quotations. A direct section requires punctuation, but an indirect quote is merely the words of another speaker rearranged to fit into the new sentence.
For example, a speaker can be invited to read from a book. He may write a statement like, “I found out about that in a book.” Similarly, a scientist can use a term such as “global warming” and then state that global warming is accelerating due to greenhouse gas emissions.
